Ubwoko bwa Fibre Fibre

Fibre nibintu byibanze byimyenda.Muri rusange, ibikoresho bifite diametero kuva kuri microne nyinshi kugeza kuri microni icumi hamwe nuburebure bwikubye inshuro nyinshi kubyimbye bishobora gufatwa nkibisanzwe.Muri byo, ibyo birenga milimetero icumi bifite imbaraga zihagije kandi byoroshye birashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa nka fibre yimyenda, ishobora gukoreshwa mugukora imyenda, imigozi nigitambara.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwimyenda.Nyamara byose birashobora gushyirwa mubice nka fibre naturel cyangwa fibre yakozwe n'abantu.

 

 

1. Fibre Kamere

Fibre naturel zirimo fibre yibimera cyangwa imboga, fibre yinyamanswa na fibre minerval.

Kubijyanye no gukundwa, ipamba niyo fibre ikoreshwa cyane, ikurikirwa nigitambara (flax) na ramie.Flax fibre isanzwe ikoreshwa, ariko kubera ko uburebure bwa fibre ya flax ari bugufi cyane (25 ~ 40 mm), fibre ya flxa yari isanzwe ivangwa na pamba cyangwa polyester.Ramie, icyo bita "Ubwatsi bw'Ubushinwa", ni fibre iramba kandi ifite urumuri.Irakurura cyane ariko imyenda ikozwe muri yo irashonga kandi ikabyimba byoroshye, ramie rero ikunze kuvangwa na fibre synthique.

Fibre yinyamanswa ziva mumisatsi yinyamanswa, kurugero, ubwoya, cashmere, mohair, umusatsi wingamiya n umusatsi wurukwavu, nibindi, cyangwa biva mumyanya ndangagitsina yinyamanswa, nka silike ya tuteri na tussah.

Ubusanzwe amabuye y'agaciro azwi cyane ni asibesitosi, akaba ari fibre organic idafite fibre nziza cyane ariko ikaba ishobora no kubangamira ubuzima, bityo, ntabwo ikoreshwa ubu.

2. Fibre yakozwe n'abantu

Fibre yakozwe n'abantu irashobora gushyirwa mubice nka fibre organic cyangwa organic organique.Iyambere irashobora gushyirwa mubice bibiri: ubwoko bumwe burimo nubwakozwe muguhindura polymers karemano kugirango bibyare fibre nshya nkuko rimwe na rimwe byitwa, naho ubundi bwoko bukozwe mumashanyarazi ya sintetike kugirango bibyare filamile cyangwa fibre.

Ibisanzwe bikoreshwa muburyo bushya ni fibre fibre (CUP, selile ya selile yabonetse kubikorwa bya cuprammonium) na Viscose (CV, fibre selile yatewe na viscose. Cupro na Viscose byombi bishobora kwitwa rayon).Acetate (CA, fibre ya selile ya selile irimo munsi ya 92%, ariko byibuze 74%, mumatsinda ya hydroxyl iba acetylated.) Na triacetate (CTA, fibre ya selile ya selile aho byibuze 92% byamatsinda ya hydroxyl acetylet.) nubundi bwoko bwa fibre nshya.Lyocell (CLY), Modal (CMD) na Tencel ubu ni fibre ya selile yongeye kuvugururwa, yakozwe kugirango ihuze icyifuzo cyo kwita kubidukikije mu musaruro wabo.

Muri iki gihe, fibre nshya ya protein nayo igenda ikundwa.Muri ibyo harimo fibre ya soya, fibre y'amata na fibre ya Chitosan.Intungamubiri za poroteyine zisubirwamo zirakwiriye cyane cyane kubuvuzi.

Fibre ya sintetike ikoreshwa mubudodo muri rusange ikorwa mu makara, peteroli cyangwa gaze gasanzwe, aho ba monomers bahindurwamo polymerisme binyuze mumiti itandukanye kugirango babe polimeri ndende cyane ifite imiterere yimiti yoroshye, ishobora gushonga cyangwa gushonga mumashanyarazi akwiye.Fibre ikoreshwa cyane ni polyester (PES), polyamide (PA) cyangwa Nylon, polyethylene (PE), acrylic (PAN), modacrylic (MAC), polyamide (PA) na polyurethane (PU).Poliester ya aromatic nka polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) na polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) nayo iragenda ikundwa.Usibye ibyo, fibre nyinshi ya syntetique ifite imitungo yihariye yaratejwe imbere, muri zo hazamenyekana fibre ya Nomex, Kevlar na Spectra.Byombi Nomex na Kevlar aer amazina yanditswemo ya Dupont Company.Nomex ni meta-aramid fibre ifite imitungo myiza ya flame retardant kandi Kevlar irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora amakoti adasasu kubera imbaraga zidasanzwe.Fibre ya Spectra ikozwe muri polyethylene, ifite uburemere bukabije bwa molekile, kandi ifatwa nkimwe mumibiri ikomeye kandi yoroshye kwisi.Birakwiriye cyane cyane ibirwanisho, ikirere hamwe na siporo ikora neza.Ubushakashatsi buracyakomeza.Ubushakashatsi kuri fibre nano ni imwe mu ngingo zishyushye muri uru rwego kandi hagamijwe kureba niba nanoparticles itekanye ku butaka ndetse no ku bidukikije, hashyizweho urwego rushya rwa siyanse rwitwa "nanotoxicology", kuri ubu rukaba rureba uburyo bwo gukora ibizamini byo gukora iperereza no gusuzuma imikoranire hagati ya nanoparticles, umuntu nibidukikije.

Bikunze gukoreshwa muburyo budasanzwe bwa fibre yakozwe numuntu ni fibre karubone, fibre ceramic, fibre y ibirahure hamwe nicyuma.Bakoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byihariye kugirango bakore imirimo idasanzwe.

Urakoze kumwanya wawe.